Antibiotic peptide synthesis drugs such as octreotide acetate are most effective in reducing the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, while significantly reducing levels of 5HIAA in urine.
Cancer is a chronic disease, but emergencies can occur as a complication of on-site invasive (spinal cord compression, upper venous thromboembolism, malignant leukemia, etc.) or birth due to systemic effects (hypercalcaemia, opportunistic infections, hypercoagulability, hyperuricemia, etc.). These complications can be signs of cancer and need to be documented and investigated.
General perception
Although follicular cell tumors are rare, they are considered important because they produce many vasomotor substances. Carotenes include: serotonin, histamine catecholamines, prostaglandins, and other vasomotor peptides. Carcinoid syndrome is often associated with carcinoid tumors of the small intestine and sometimes carcinoid tumors in other sites such as the embryo and stomach. This tumor tends to metastasize early, but the progress is relatively quiet, making it difficult to control the syndrome. Associated syndromes appear in patients with pancreatic arterial peptide excretion causing severe dehydration (pancreatic cholangitis).
Symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include blush, swollen neck and head (especially bronchial carcinoid), abdominal pain and diarrhea, bronchospasm, cardiac damage (tricuspid valve or pulmonary artery or pulmonary artery retrograde skin, and 5HIAA in urine. The most common symptoms are blush and diarrhea. Diagnosis was determined by the presence of 5 HIAA increased in 24 hour urine. Patients with carcinoid expression are often excreted on 25 mg 5 HIAA a day. Ideally, all medications and foods rich in serotonin like bananas should be avoided before taking 24-hour urine.
Emergency treatment
Emergency treatment for patients with bronchial asthma include prednisone 15-30 mg / day. Abdominal pain and diarrhea are often treated with increased rehydration and diphenoxylate with atropine. When severe diarrhea hits antihistamine H 1 cyproheptadine (4mg 3 times a day) or anti-serotonin drugs such as methysergide maleate (2mg 3 times a day to 16mg). Other drugs including cimetidine H 2 receptor blockers and phenothiazine also work.
Antibiotic peptide synthesis drugs such as octreotide acetate are most effective in reducing the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, while significantly reducing levels of 5HIAA in urine. The octreotide dose in carcinoid syndrome is 100 to 600 / μg / day divided into 2-4 times under the skin. At the onset, one dose may be 50 to 500 μg. Octreotide is also effective in treating symptoms caused by a small intestinal vascular peptide (VlPomas). Therefore, drugs reduce diarrhea caused by this type of tumor. The dose of octreotide used to treat patients with VlPomas is 200-300 μg divided into 2-4 times.
Surgery is an important treatment for focal carcinoids. Chemotherapy is used for patients with advanced stages of disease. The active drugs include: fluouracil, streptozocin, dacarbazin, cisplatin, doxorubicin, and α interferon.
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